The Legacy of Deniz Gezmi: Kemalism and Marxist-Leninism in Tension

In modern Turkey, the political landscape often intertwines elements of Kemalism with Marxist-Leninism, a complex relationship that is exemplified by the figure of Deniz Gezmi. Despite popular perceptions, Gezmi's ideological journey and his political leanings have played a significant part in shaping contemporary Turkish political discourse.

Deniz Gezmi's Ideological Background

Deniz Gezmi, an influential figure whose life and political philosophy have sparked much debate, was primarily close to Kemalism rather than Socialism, contrary to the claims of Marxist-Leninists. His political ideology is best understood through his personal writings and interactions, particularly a letter he wrote to his father. In this letter, he clearly delineated his position:

"Although I have been influenced by Socialism, my aim has never been to abolish the existing Turkish constitution and establish a Marxist constitution. Even after my arrest, when many socialists were discussing my case, it is a terrible contradiction that all socialists today declare me a hero. Although someolib's words against Atatürk and Kemalism are attributed to me, it is a known fact that I am at peace with Kemalism despite my leftist stance."

This statement underscores the complex interplay between his leftist ideology and his respect for the principles of Kemalism.

Political Alliances and Ideological Influences

The Turkish political scene has seen many former Marxist-Leninists become staunch supporters of Kemalism. This is evident within the CHP (Republican People's Party), a party once aligned with the Dev-Yol movement but now more Kemalist. The ideologies of Gezmi and his comrades, who were once anti-imperialist and national-liberation activists, laid the foundation for today's ulusal sol—a synthesis of nationalism and Marxism.

The Extremes and Moderation

Political parties such as the Vatan Partisi represent the more extreme end of this ideology, combining a jingoistic nationalism with a Stalinist interpretation of socialism. These parties embrace an almost jingoistic and frequently racist nationalism with a strict understanding of socialism, mirroring the ideas of Stalinist Leninists.

However, moderate members of the CHP, while not endorsing Marxist-Leninism, do not shy away from its tenets. Their position is a blend of Kemalism and nationalism, though they avoid the more extreme positions taken by the Vatan Partisi.

The Legacy of the Patriotically Left

Deniz Gezmi joins a long line of iconic figures in Turkey who align with a patriotic left. Figures such as Naz?m Hikmet and Can Yücel represent a tradition of leftists who are also committed to their nation's progress and development. Despite the varying degrees of ideological commitment, these individuals share a common respect for their nation's history and progress under Kemalism.

The resonance of these figures continues today, as many old-style leftists, even if they now identify as liberal democrats, have a certain fondness for the memory of the USSR and respect Marxist-Leninism and its Turkish heroes. This tradition underscores the enduring influence of Gezmi and similar figures in the political dialogue of Turkey.

In conclusion, the legacy of Deniz Gezmi highlights the complex and often contradictory nature of political ideology in contemporary Turkey, where gestures towards Kemalism and Marxist-Leninism coexist in a delicate balance. Understanding this relationship is crucial for comprehending the political legacy he leaves behind.