Understanding the Misunderstanding: Gender as a Social Construct

The assertion that gender is a social construct often surfaces in discussions about individuals who identify with a gender different from their assigned biological sex. However, it is essential to clear up the misunderstanding that these two concepts are fundamentally distinct and that the identity of gender different from biological sex is not a social construct but rather a condition known as gender dysphoria.

Historical Context: Gender Roles and Society

Examining the historical context reveals that many aspects of gender roles have been socially constructed. For instance, high heels were originally designed for men during hunting and riding to compensate for height. Pink was historically a boys' color, while blue was for girls. Children up to the age of 8 years old would often wear loose dresses, regardless of their gender, as seen with historical figures like Ebenezer Scrooge.

Across many societies worldwide, there are often third genders recognized, such as hijiras, third-gender groups in South Asia, and the mahu in Samoa. These cultural contexts demonstrate that gender roles and identities have varied and continue to do so across time and place, highlighting the malleability of gender constructs.

Science and Biological Sex

Scientific research has provided considerable evidence regarding the biological underpinnings of sex and gender. Brain scans of trans women and cis women, and trans men and cis men, have yielded interesting insights. Studies have shown that the neurological patterns in trans women align with those of cis women, and the same is true for trans men and cis men. This scientific evidence indicates that gender identity is biologically consistent with the individual's assigned sex at birth, rather than a social construct.

The SRY gene, which plays a role in sex determination, can be either masculine or feminine. It is important to note that gender identity is not about physical characteristics but how an individual perceives themselves. This perception is deeply rooted in the individual's sense of self, which is not a social construct but a fundamental aspect of their personal identity.

The Concept of Gender Dysphoria

Gender dysphoria, on the other hand, is a diagnosis in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) that refers to a person's distress when their biological sex does not align with their gender identity. It is not the other way around; having a gender different from one's biological sex is not a social construct but a lived experience that can lead to gender dysphoria. It is crucial to recognize the difference between these concepts to avoid misunderstandings and foster a more inclusive and accurate understanding of gender.

The presence of third genders in many non-Western societies further reinforces the idea that gender is more than just a binary concept. These societies recognize a spectrum of gender roles, showcasing the diversity and complexity of human experience.

Conclusion: Biological Sex vs. Gender Identity

In summary, gender is a social construct in terms of the roles and expectations that society imposes. However, the identity of being a gender different from one's biological sex is not a social construct but a personal, biological experience that often leads to gender dysphoria. Understanding these distinctions is key to fostering inclusivity and empathy in our communities. By recognizing the difference between gender roles and gender identity, we can better support individuals who face the challenges of gender dysphoria and promote a more nuanced and accurate understanding of gender in modern society.