The Historical Context and Current Status of Budjak

The area known as Budjak, a coastal region in southern Ukraine, holds immense historical significance. This region was annexed to the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (SSR) during the Soviet era, a decision that has sparked interest and debate among historians and the public alike. Contrary to some misunderstandings, Ukraine did not take any territory from Moldova; this land was given to Soviet Ukraine by the USSR following World War II.

The area of Budjak is a narrow strip of land along the Black Sea, bordering the Black Sea and the eastern border of Romania. It was historically disputed, with various states claiming different portions based on historical, cultural, and ethnic grounds. In the early 20th century, the region's ethnic composition was complex, but by post-WWII, the demographic balance had shifted.

USSR’s Decision: A Matter of Historical Claim and Ethnographic Analysis

Understanding why the USSR decided to give Budjak to Soviet Ukraine involves a detailed examination of historical claims and ethnic distribution data. Historical records indicate that Soviet Ukraine claimed the eastern part of Budjak on the basis of early claims by the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918. However, this claim was disputed and the region was captured by Romania.

The USSR's decision to annex Budjak to the Ukrainian SSR after WWII was influenced by several factors, including:

Ethnic demographics: By the mid-20th century, Ukrainians formed a significant proportion of the population in many parts of Budjak. Statistically, Ukrainians were the majority in several districts:Bilhorod-Dnistrovsky: 81%Tatarbunary: 71%Kiliya: 40%Sarata: 44%Izmail: 34%Ukrainians also formed a significant minority in other districts: in Artsyz (27%) and Tarutino (25%).In the coastal districts, Ukrainians were the majority, with the exception of the Romanians in Reni district.

It is clear that by the time of the Second World War, the geographical and demographic distribution of ethnic groups had evolved, making Budjak a region predominantly inhabited by Ukrainians, which was likely a factor in the USSR's decision to include it within Soviet Ukraine.

Contemporary Views and Historical Justifications

The current Ukrainian government maintains that the annexation by the USSR was a justified action based on historical claims and the demographics on the ground. From the Ukrainian perspective, both Romanians and the USSR were seen as aggressors in the eastern part of Budjak, especially where Ukrainians formed the majority. This perception continues to influence Ukrainian public opinion and regional politics.

Efforts to maintain the territorial integrity of modern Ukraine, including Budjak, remain a cornerstone of national identity and sovereignty. The region plays a vital role in Ukraine’s economic and cultural life, especially due to its proximity to the Black Sea and its historical significance.

Conclusion

The annexation of Budjak to Soviet Ukraine during the post-WWII era was a complex decision influenced by historical claims, ethnic demographics, and geopolitical considerations. From the Ukrainian perspective, this decision was driven by the desire to protect and maintain the interests of the Ukrainian people within the region, where they form a significant majority. While historical and ethnic debates continue, the region remains an integral part of modern Ukraine, symbolizing national unity and territorial integrity.